Orthodontics is the branch of treatment that deals with diagnosing, preventing, and correcting skeletal and dental problems in the head and neck area. Many methods and materials can be used in this treatment, from very simple tongue and palate exercises to porcelain wires, skeletal support systems, and lingual brackets attached to the inside of the teeth.
Although the materials and methods of orthodontic treatment are constantly evolving, the treatment principles do not change. As in all treatment areas, early diagnosis is the most crucial step in preventing and correcting orthodontic disorders.
An orthodontic examination is recommended starting at age 7. Although the ideal age to begin orthodontic treatment is between 11 and 15, treatment can be performed at any age.
Orthodontic problems can begin in childhood or adulthood due to issues such as tooth loss and gum disease. Correcting these problems is essential to maintain the health of the teeth and prolong their life, not to solve an aesthetic problem. As a result of gum disease, gaps may have appeared in the teeth. Orthodontic correction of these gaps improves the appearance and strengthens the bone structure that supports the teeth by strengthening their relationship with each other.
Since the beginning of modern orthodontics, orthodontic materials and techniques have been developed, such as tooth-colored brackets, transparent palates, and brackets attached to the inner surfaces of the teeth. In this way, adult patients can also be treated very easily.
WHY DO RTODONTIC PROBLEMS OCCUR AND HOW ARE THEY TREATED?
Orthodontic problems occur as a result of abnormal development of the mouth and tooth structure or irregular positioning of the teeth. These problems can often be associated with genetic factors, jaw structure, chewing habits and factors related to dental care. Causes and treatment methods of orthodontic problems:
Reasons:
- Genetic Factors: Family history plays an important role in the development of teeth and jaw structure. If there is a family history of dental irregularities or jaw problems, the risk of the child experiencing similar problems increases.
- Jaw Structure: Incompatibilities between the upper jaw and the lower jaw can cause jaw problems. For example, if the lower jaw is anterior or posterior to the upper jaw.
- Premature Loss of Deciduous Teeth: Early loss of deciduous teeth can affect the eruption of permanent teeth and cause irregular tooth rows.
- Habits: Habits such as thumb sucking, pacifier use, or long-term use of bottle can cause tooth structure to deteriorate.
- Dental Care: Poor dental care and irregular brushing habits can lead to tooth decay and irregular alignment.
Treatment Methods: There are several different options for the treatment of orthodontic problems. Treatment may vary depending on the person’s age, the severity of the problem, and their acceptability of treatment. Here are the treatment methods of orthodontic problems:
- Brackets: Metal or ceramic brackets are used for straightening and aligning teeth. It is fitted by an orthodontist and adjustments are made at regular intervals.
- Invisalign: These clear aligners are used to align the teeth. It can be a more aesthetically appealing option and can be removed and fitted.
- Braces: Braces are used to straighten the teeth and align the jaws. Braces can be used with other apparatus besides brackets.
- Surgery of the Jaws: Some serious jaw problems may require surgical intervention. Such operations may include repositioning the lower or upper jaw.
- Tooth Extraction and Inappropriate Teeth Extraction: During treatment, excess teeth can be extracted or inappropriate teeth can be removed if necessary.
Orthodontic treatment is usually a long-term process and requires patience. At the end of the treatment, efforts are made to have smoother teeth and a healthy jaw structure. In cases requiring orthopedic surgery, post-surgical rehabilitation and follow-up are also important. Treatment options and durations may differ for each individual, so consulting an orthodontist is the best approach.
What is Transparent Plaque?
Transparent plaques are specially designed plaques used to correct dental disorders. These plates, which are specially produced for each patient, are used to gradually correct the movement of the teeth. This treatment method is a more aesthetic and comfortable option compared to traditional brace treatments.
How does it work?
- Initial Evaluation: Before starting treatment, an evaluation is performed by a dentist or orthodontist. During this evaluation, the condition of the teeth is examined and the treatment plan is determined.
- Impression Taking and Design: A dental impression is taken specifically for the patient, and these impressions are digitally scanned and a treatment plan is created on the computer. According to this plan, each aligner is designed to correct the movement of the teeth in a specific way.
- Wearing the Plates: When the treatment begins, the patient is given a set of clear aligners. Each plate is used for 10 days and then replaced with the next plate. This process allows the teeth to move.
- Regular Checks: During treatment, the patient may need to be checked regularly. During these checks, the progress of the treatment is evaluated and corrections are made when necessary.
- Fixing the Results: Once the treatment is completed, a retainer may be used to maintain the new position of the patient’s teeth. This protects the teeth from unwanted movement.
What are the advantages?
- Aesthetic Appearance: Transparent aligners have a more aesthetic appearance than traditional metal braces and are almost unnoticeable from the outside.
- Comfortable Use: Since aligners are made of soft and smooth material, they cause less irritation to the gums and mouth.
- Ease of Mobility: Aligners can be easily removed and reinserted during daily activities such as eating, drinking and brushing teeth.
- Short Treatment Time: In some cases, they may have a shorter treatment time than traditional braces.